[Crypto projects](https://revain.org/projects/) › Across Protocol

# Across Protocol (ACX): how it works, supply and reviews

## Status update

- **ACX sunset**: Across says the protocol has been transferred to a new company, Across, Inc. (AcrossCo), and that ACX is sunsetting; after 8 January 2027 all ACX tokens are deprecated. [source ↗](https://across.to/blog/completing-the-bridge-across-sunsetting-acx)
- **Holder options**: Until 8 January 2027 holders may exchange ACX for AcrossCo equity securities or for USDC, both valued at $0.04375 per token, according to the notice. This is not investment advice. [source ↗](https://across.to/blog/completing-the-bridge-across-sunsetting-acx)

As of 1 November 2026, from the company’s own announcements unless stated otherwise.

## In short

- **Type**: Intents-based interoperability protocol: an RFQ layer, third-party relayers with offchain liquidity, and optimistic settlement.
- **Maximum supply**: ACX has a fixed supply of 1 billion tokens, minted on Ethereum.
- **Risks and caveats**: ACX is being deprecated: after 8 January 2027 it has no governance, utility or economic function, and the exchange options close.
- **Checked**: 1 November 2026

## On-chain stablecoin data

- **Stablecoins held in its contracts (floor)**: At least US$2.20 m, read on 7 of its 7 contracts on 1 November 2026
- **Stablecoin flows, 7 days (25 October 2026 – 31 October 2026)**: Locked US$119.62 m, released US$119.46 m, net +US$0.15 m

On-chain measurement by Stablecoin Scanner (ACHIVX), not a reserve or solvency claim. As of 31 October 2026. For a bridge the scanner counts a lock as inflow and a release as outflow; its set is the contracts named by the bridge’s own deployment list or L2BEAT. [scanner page ↗](https://stablescan.achivx.com/entity/across)

## Key facts

- **Ticker**: ACX
- **Official site**: [across.to](https://across.to/)

Key facts checked on 1 November 2026 against official sources.

## What is Across Protocol

Across is a crosschain interoperability protocol: relayers deliver a user's tokens on the destination chain from their own funds and are repaid later through settlement on Ethereum. Settlement uses optimistic verification with bonds and UMA's oracle as the dispute layer.

## Network and consensus

| Parameter | Details |
|---|---|
| Type | Intents-based interoperability protocol: an RFQ layer, third-party relayers with offchain liquidity, and optimistic settlement. |
| Supported chains | The docs state support for 24 chains (another docs page says '23+ mainnet chains and 8 testnet chains'). |
| Verification | Bundles of fills are proposed with a bond and accepted unless someone disputes them; one honest disputer is enough. |
| Bonds | The dataworker posts a bond in ABT (Across Bond Token) when proposing a bundle on Ethereum. |
| Dispute resolution | Disputed bundles go to UMA's Data Verification Mechanism, where UMA token holders vote. |
| Versions | V1 launched in 2021, V2 in June 2022 and V3 (intents) in February 2024. |
| Interface | Risk Labs' terms say it does not control or operate any version of the protocol. |

## Supply and issuance

| Parameter | Details |
|---|---|
| Maximum supply | ACX has a fixed supply of 1 billion tokens, minted on Ethereum. |
| Token sunset | ACX is sunsetting; after 8 January 2027 all ACX tokens are deprecated. |
| Holder options | Until 8 January 2027 holders may exchange ACX for AcrossCo equity securities or for USDC, both valued at $0.04375 per token. |

## What ACX is used for

- ACX was the governance token: holders controlled protocol parameters, upgrades and DAO treasury management.
- ACX holders could vote on activating a fee switch.
- After 8 January 2027 ACX has no governance, utility or economic function.

## Who develops and governs Across Protocol

- **Company**: Across Protocol has been transferred to Across, Inc. (AcrossCo).
- **Legal entity**: The app's terms of service are an agreement with Risk Labs and are governed by New York law.
- **Developer**: Across was built mainly by Risk Labs, the foundation that supports UMA.
- **Governance**: 'The Bridge Across' (Risk Labs, March 2026) proposed moving from a token DAO to a private U.S. C-corp; the docs say it passed its Snapshot vote.
- **Open source**: Across contracts and off-chain code are publicly verifiable and in scope of the bug bounty.

## History

| Date | Event |
|---|---|
| 24 October 2021 | Across Protocol was announced, with a public launch set for 8 November. |
| 8 November 2021 | Across launched on mainnet, bridging USDC, ETH and UMA from Arbitrum to Ethereum. |
| June 2022 | Across V2 launched. |
| 21 February 2024 | Across V3 introduced an intents-based design (Across Settlement, Across+). |
| 11 March 2026 | Risk Labs posted 'The Bridge Across', proposing an ACX token-to-equity exchange and buyout. |
| 17 September 2026 | Across announced the protocol's transfer to Across, Inc. and the ACX sunset, with options closing 8 January 2027. |

## Security and audits

- Across was audited by OpenZeppelin at launch; the docs list Across and UMA audit references.
- Across runs a bug bounty covering its smart contracts and off-chain code.
- Across says no user funds have been lost.
- In 2025 an upgrade mistake locked LP funds in the Lens SpokePool and paused Lens routes for 3-4 days; Risk Labs refunded the pools.

## Security incidents

| Date | What happened | Source |
|---|---|---|
| 3 September 2025 | Outage: An operational mistake during a Lens SpokePool upgrade (a compiler mismatch on the zkStack chain) made the contract unusable and temporarily locked LP funds. Bridging to and from Lens was paused for 3-4 days; Risk Labs redeployed and funded new Lens pools. Across says it was not a hack, exploit or security vulnerability. Funds returned: Across says no user funds were at risk; the locked funds are recoverable through zkSync governance and go back to Risk Labs, which covered LPs. | [across.to](https://across.to/blog/lens-upgrade-incident-report) |

Further incidents are reported by third parties (press, incident databases) but are not confirmed in the company’s own channels, so they are not listed here.

## Official ACX contracts

| Network | Contract address |
|---|---|
| Ethereum | [0x44108f0223A3C3028F5Fe7AEC7f9bb2E66beF82F](https://etherscan.io/token/0x44108f0223a3c3028f5fe7aec7f9bb2e66bef82f) |

ACX is an ERC-20 token on Ethereum; Etherscan labels the contract 'Across Protocol Token (ACX)'. ACX is being sunset (deprecated after 8 January 2027).

## Risks and caveats

- ACX is being deprecated: after 8 January 2027 it has no governance, utility or economic function, and the exchange options close.
- Settlement security relies on at least one honest party disputing invalid bundles and on UMA's token-holder vote.
- Some exchanges may delist ACX during the transition, per Risk Labs.
- Risk Labs' terms say it does not control or operate the protocol; the app's terms are under New York law.

## Official links

- Website: [across.to](https://across.to/)
- Docs: [docs.across.to](https://docs.across.to/)
- Source code: [github.com/across-protocol](https://github.com/across-protocol)
- Blog: [across.to/blog](https://across.to/blog)
- Governance forum: [forum.across.to](https://forum.across.to/)
- Block explorer: [etherscan.io/token/0x44108f0223a3c3028f5fe7aec7f9bb2e66bef82f](https://etherscan.io/token/0x44108f0223a3c3028f5fe7aec7f9bb2e66bef82f)

## Questions and answers

**What is Across Protocol?**

Across is a crosschain interoperability protocol where relayers fill transfers from their own funds and are repaid through optimistic settlement on Ethereum, secured by bonds and UMA's oracle.

**Who runs Across?**

Across was built mainly by Risk Labs; the protocol has been transferred to a new company, Across, Inc. (AcrossCo).

**What happens to the ACX token?**

ACX is sunsetting: until 8 January 2027 holders can exchange it for AcrossCo equity or USDC at $0.04375 per token; after that date ACX has no governance, utility or economic function.

**How many chains does Across support?**

The docs state support for 24 chains.

**Has Across been hacked?**

Across says no user funds have been lost. It published a report on a 2025 Lens upgrade mistake that paused Lens routes for 3-4 days.

## Sources

- [Across - Home](https://across.to/)
- [Across - Terms of Service](https://across.to/terms-of-service)
- [Across docs - Welcome](https://docs.across.to/introduction)
- [Across docs - Why Across](https://docs.across.to/introduction/why-across)
- [Across docs - Security model](https://docs.across.to/introduction/security)
- [Across docs - The Bridge Across](https://docs.across.to/introduction/bridge-across)
- [Across docs - Bug bounty](https://docs.across.to/introduction/bug-bounty)
- [Across docs - Actors](https://docs.across.to/introduction/actors)
- [Across blog - Announcing Across Protocol (2021-10-24)](https://across.to/blog/Announcing-Across-Protocol-the-Fastest-Cheapest-and-Most-Secure-L2-to-L1-Bridge)
- [Across blog - Across Protocol is live (2021-11-08)](https://across.to/blog/Across-Protocol-is-live-and-you-can-be-a-Co-Founder)
- [Across blog - ACX airdrop (2022-10-11)](https://across.to/blog/ACX-Airdrop-What-You-Need-to-Know)
- [Across blog - Across V3 (2024-02-21)](https://across.to/blog/Across-V3-Introducing-the-First-Intents-Based-Interoperability-Protocol)
- [Across blog - ACX circulating supply (2024-12-07)](https://across.to/blog/across-acx-circulating-supply)
- [Across blog - Lens upgrade incident report (2025-09-03)](https://across.to/blog/lens-upgrade-incident-report)
- [Across blog - Completing the Bridge Across, sunsetting ACX (2026-09-17)](https://across.to/blog/completing-the-bridge-across-sunsetting-acx)
- [Across forum - The Bridge Across (2026-03-11)](https://forum.across.to/t/the-bridge-across/2097)
- [Across forum - The Bridge Across August update (2026-08-05)](https://forum.across.to/t/the-bridge-across-august-update/2133)
- [Etherscan - ACX token](https://etherscan.io/token/0x44108f0223a3c3028f5fe7aec7f9bb2e66bef82f)

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Page updated: 2026-11-01

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Source: https://revain.org/projects/across/