[Crypto projects](https://revain.org/projects/) › TRON

# TRON (TRX): how it works, supply and reviews

## In short

- **Type**: Layer-1 blockchain
- **Maximum supply**: No fixed maximum: new TRX is minted as block and voter rewards, while fees are burned
- **Risks and caveats**: Block production and parameter changes rest with 27 elected Super Representatives; the committee can change rewards, fees and other network parameters.
- **Checked**: 28 October 2026

## On-chain stablecoin data

- **Organic stablecoin settlement, 30 days (2 October 2026 – 31 October 2026)**: US$527.64 bn in 44.0 million transfers; the scanner classes 29.0% of raw volume as inorganic (round trips, bot churn) and leaves it out
- **Issuer freezes on this network**: 528 issuer acts in 30 days; 8,164 addresses frozen now (USD1, USDT); balances last observed in them: US$3.84 bn

On-chain measurement by Stablecoin Scanner (ACHIVX), not a reserve or solvency claim. As of 31 October 2026. The scanner notes: every row is something the issuer did; it says nothing about who the address belongs to or why. [scanner page ↗](https://stablescan.achivx.com/tron)

## Key facts

- **Ticker**: TRX
- **Network**: own blockchain
- **Official site**: [tron.network](https://tron.network/)
- **Source code**: [github.com/tronprotocol/java-tron](https://github.com/tronprotocol/java-tron)

Data: CoinGecko (trading activity) and CoinPaprika (links), 2026-10-27. Only projects that still trade with meaningful volume are listed.

## What is TRON

TRON is an open-source layer-1 blockchain that uses Delegated Proof of Stake, with 27 elected Super Representatives producing blocks. It runs EVM-compatible smart contracts and is widely used for stablecoin transfers, notably TRC-20 USDT. TRX is the network's native token.

## Network and consensus

| Parameter | Details |
|---|---|
| Type | Layer-1 blockchain |
| Consensus | Delegated Proof of Stake: 27 Super Representatives elected by stakers' votes take turns producing blocks |
| Block time | 3 seconds; blocks become irreversible after at least 19 active SRs build on them, typically in about 1 minute |
| Launched | Mainnet launched on 31 May 2018 |
| Smart contracts | TRON Virtual Machine (TVM), largely compatible with the Ethereum Virtual Machine |
| Programming language | Solidity for smart contracts; node software java-tron |

## Supply and issuance

| Parameter | Details |
|---|---|
| Maximum supply | No fixed maximum: new TRX is minted as block and voter rewards, while fees are burned |
| Issuance | 8 TRX per block to the producing SR plus 128 TRX per block shared by the top 127 SRs and their voters; both adjustable by proposal |
| Fee burn | TRX paid for Bandwidth and Energy when resources run short is burned and removed from circulation |
| Initial distribution | 100 billion TRX issued in the genesis block; 1 billion TRX burned on Independence Day (25 June 2018) |
| Staking rewards | Voters receive a share of block and voter rewards in proportion to their votes, after the SR's brokerage (default 20%) |

On 28 October 2026: 95,015,805,225 TRX in circulation, 95,016,584,293 TRX in total (source: [TRONSCAN API (funds endpoint)](https://apilist.tronscanapi.com/api/funds)).

## What TRX is used for

- Paying transaction fees when Bandwidth or Energy runs short (the TRX is burned).
- Staking to obtain Bandwidth, Energy and TRON Power.
- Voting for Super Representatives with TRON Power and earning a share of voter rewards.
- Paying Energy to deploy and call smart contracts; resources can be delegated to other accounts.

## Who develops and governs TRON

- **Founders**: Justin Sun
- **Governance**: On-chain committee of the 27 active Super Representatives votes on proposals that change network parameters
- **Foundation**: TRON Foundation established in Singapore in July 2017; TRON moved to TRON DAO in December 2021
- **Company**: The tron.network website is published by Tron Network Ltd.
- **Open source**: Node software java-tron, released under the LGPLv3 licence

## History

| Date | Event |
|---|---|
| March 2014 | TRON was established. |
| July 2017 | TRON Foundation established in Singapore. |
| 31 May 2018 | TRON mainnet launched. |
| 30 August 2018 | TRON Virtual Machine (TVM) launched. |
| 4 March 2019 | Tether partnered with TRON to issue TRC-20 USDT. |
| December 2021 | TRON transitioned to TRON DAO. |
| 7 April 2023 | Stake 2.0 went live, changing how staking provides Energy, Bandwidth and TRON Power. |

## Security and audits

- ChainSecurity published a limited review of the java-tron node software dated 26 August 2024, covering the TVM, consensus and peer-to-peer code.
- The review states its three most significant findings were fixed; some other risks were accepted on the assumption that Super Representatives act economically.
- TRON runs a bug bounty programme for protocol vulnerabilities on HackerOne.

## Risks and caveats

- Block production and parameter changes rest with 27 elected Super Representatives; the committee can change rewards, fees and other network parameters.
- TRX has no fixed maximum supply; whether supply grows or shrinks depends on the balance between new rewards and burned fees.
- The 2024 node-software review notes that some risks were accepted on the assumption that Super Representatives act economically.

## Official links

- Website: [tron.network](https://tron.network/)
- Docs: [developers.tron.network](https://developers.tron.network/)
- Whitepaper: [tron.network/static/doc/white_paper_v_2_0.pdf](https://tron.network/static/doc/white_paper_v_2_0.pdf)
- Source code: [github.com/tronprotocol](https://github.com/tronprotocol)

## Questions and answers

**What is TRON (TRX)?**

TRON is an open-source layer-1 blockchain using Delegated Proof of Stake and EVM-compatible smart contracts. TRX is its native token, used for fees, staking and voting.

**Who created TRON?**

TRON was founded by Justin Sun. The TRON Foundation was set up in Singapore in July 2017, and the project moved to TRON DAO in December 2021.

**What is the maximum supply of TRX?**

There is no fixed maximum. TRX is minted as block and voter rewards and burned as fees; the TRONSCAN API showed about 95.0 billion TRX on 28 October 2026.

**How does TRON reach consensus?**

TRX holders stake and vote for 27 Super Representatives, who take turns producing a block every 3 seconds. A block is final once at least 19 active SRs have built on it, usually in about a minute.

## Sources

- [CoinGecko — TRON](https://www.coingecko.com/en/coins/tron)
- [CoinPaprika — TRON](https://coinpaprika.com/coin/trx-tron/)
- [TRON Developer Hub — What is TRON](https://developers.tron.network/docs/what-is-tron)
- [TRON Developer Hub — Tokenomics](https://developers.tron.network/docs/tron-economic-model)
- [TRON Developer Hub — Consensus and DPoS](https://developers.tron.network/docs/concensus)
- [TRON Developer Hub — Committee & proposals](https://developers.tron.network/docs/committee)
- [TRON Developer Hub — TRON vs Ethereum](https://developers.tron.network/docs/tron-vs-ethereum)
- [TRON — About TRON (milestones)](https://tron.network/about)
- [TRON — home page](https://tron.network/)
- [ChainSecurity — Limited Review of Java-Tron (2024)](https://tron.network/static/doc/TRON_Protocol_Security_Audit_Report.pdf)
- [java-tron — README](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tronprotocol/java-tron/develop/README.md)

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Page updated: 2026-11-01

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Source: https://revain.org/projects/tron/