Smaller ID collet, no internal dimension but 2 different 3/8 end mills will fit snugly in the hole. I measured the end mills with micrometers and both read 0.3747-0.3748. The outer diameter of the collet was measured without the end mill inserted and found to be 0.5005. The collet could be inserted into a 1/2 inch diameter hole, but the entrance was clearly narrow. This was without an end mill in the collet. For a collet company, 0.0005 is a mile. I have been in the manufacturing industry for over 30 years and would be very concerned if the product I envision as a precision collet had an OD that was too large and an ID that was too small. This would put me off buying another product from this manufacturer. I ordered a 1/2 x 1/4 collet from the same company and they were perfect. Unfortunately, 50% failure is not an indicator.