Bitcoin and previous alternative cryptocurrencies have attempted to resolve this issue by using a combination of transactions or ring signatures. However, many of these proposed solutions have drawbacks. For one, a malicious or compromised member of a mixer or ring signature can violate privacy. Furthermore, anonymous sets are a key metric for understanding how personal a cryptocurrency is. The previously unidentified set of solutions proposed is limited by the mixing cycle or the signature size of the ring. Each blend cycle or ring signature cycle is limited by the number of transactions per transaction, which is financially limited by the block size of the cryptocurrency. Thus, anonymity set in previous attempts at privacy can only be several hundred transactions.
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With ZCoin, the anonymity is dramatically elevated. Instead of setting up an anonymous identity that is limited to a few dozen, It has an anonymous set that holds all the printed coins depositing a particular RSA that can scale to thousands, and unlike other solutions, the transaction is not subject to graph analysis.
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