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Why Your Car Won't Start and What to Do
It can be incredibly frustrating when you turn the key and your car won't start. There are a number of possible causes for a no-start condition, but the good news is that with some basic troubleshooting, you can often diagnose and fix the problem yourself.
Common Reasons a Car Won't Start
- Dead battery - If the battery doesn't have enough charge to turn the starter, the engine won't crank.
- Faulty alternator - If the alternator isn't supplying power to the battery, the battery can die while driving.
- Failed starter motor - Starters can burn out and prevent the engine from turning over.
- Bad ignition switch - If the ignition switch fails, it won't send power to the starter.
- Broken timing belt - A broken timing belt means the camshaft can't turn the engine.
Troubleshooting a No-Start Issue
When your car won't start, the first thing to check is the battery. Use a multimeter to test the voltage, or have an auto parts store test it for you. If the battery is dead, jump starting the car can confirm if the battery is the problem. If the car starts with a jump, the battery needs to be recharged or replaced.
If the battery is good, the next step is determining whether the starter is cranking the engine. When the key is turned, listen for a clicking or spinning sound from the starter. If you don't hear anything, the starter motor, ignition switch, or related wiring may be faulty.
If the starter is engaging but the engine isn't cranking, the problem may be a failed timing belt, seized engine, or anti-theft system not disarming. At this point it's best to have a mechanic inspect the vehicle to diagnose the specific issue.
Getting Your Car Running Again
In many cases, getting your car started again comes down to replacing the dead battery or faulty starter. Battery replacement is usually straightforward, while starter replacement may require professional help. Electrical issues with the ignition switch or wiring may also need a mechanic's attention.
If the engine is cranking normally but won't start, there are additional issues to explore like no fuel or spark. Checking the spark plugs, fuel pump, filters and injectors can reveal where the breakdown is happening. In some cases, professional diagnostic services are needed to pinpoint the exact problem.
While a no-start condition can be annoying, a little troubleshooting and repair work can often have you back on the road. Knowing the likely culprits and tests to perform yourself makes it easier to determine if you need a new battery, starter, or more extensive repairs by a mechanic.
Common Ignition System Problems and Solutions
The ignition system is critical for starting your car and powering the engine. Ignition problems can manifest in many ways like difficulty starting, stalling, misfiring, poor performance, or inefficient fuel consumption. Here are some of the most common ignition system issues and how to fix them.
Ignition Coil
The ignition coil transforms the 12 volts from your car's battery into the thousands of volts needed to create a spark at the spark plugs to ignite the fuel-air mixture in the cylinders. Some common ignition coil issues include:
- Intermittent or weak spark - Can cause misfires, stalling, or no start. Replace faulty coil.
- Oil leaks - Coil seal deterioration can allow oil to leak out. Requires coil replacement.
- Corrosion - Moisture corrosion can damage coil windings. May need new coil.
Spark Plugs
Spark plugs supply the electric spark to ignite the compressed fuel mixture. Spark plug problems include:
- Fouling - Carbon/fuel deposits prevent spark. Try cleaning plugs first.
- Wear - Plug electrodes erode over time weakening spark. Replace worn plugs.
- Corrosion - Moisture and chemicals corrode plug terminals. May need new plugs.
- Improper gap - Incorrect plug gap gives weak or intermittent spark. Re-gap or replace plug.
Ignition Wires
Ignition wires (or spark plug cables) conduct the high voltage to the spark plugs. Ignition wire issues:
- Leakage - Cracks/damage in insulation can cause misfire. Replace damaged wires.
- Resistance - Corrosion and poor connections increase resistance. Clean/replace wires.
- Faulty insulation - Leads to voltage leaks/misfires. Replace worn ignition wires.
Distributor Cap & Rotor
The distributor cap and rotor route the high voltage spark to the proper cylinder. Distributor cap problems:
- Corrosion - Moisture corrosion can cause voltage leaks/misfires. Replace cap.
- Worn contacts - Excessive wear leads to weak spark. Replace cap and rotor.
- Cracks - Cracks in cap cause arcing/misfires. Replace distributor cap.
Ignition Switch
The ignition switch activates the ignition system when the key is turned. Ignition switch issues:
- Worn contacts - Results in intermittent operation. Replace ignition switch.
- Mechanical failure - Switch sticks or won't turn. Requires replacement.
- Electrical failure - No power to ignition system. Test/replace switch.
By understanding the most common ignition system problems, you can more easily diagnose issues and make necessary repairs to get your car starting and running properly again.
Upgrading Your Ignition System for Better Performance
The ignition system provides the spark that ignites the air-fuel mixture in your engine's cylinders. Upgrading your ignition system components can help unlock more power, efficiency, and speed from your engine.
Performance Ignition Coils
High performance ignition coils can generate a stronger spark for a more complete combustion of the air-fuel mixture. Benefits include:
- Increased horsepower - More energy in the spark gives a better burn for higher combustion pressures.
- Improved acceleration - Stronger spark provides faster throttle response.
- Enhanced efficiency - Complete fuel burn means max extraction of energy.
High Output Spark Plugs
Performance spark plugs are designed for greater power output:
- Fine-wire plugs - Thinner electrodes radiate heat better for a hotter, more consistent spark.
- Multi-ground electrodes - Additional ground straps improve combustion efficiency.
- Iridium/platinum tips - More durable materials hold up under high heat and voltage.
Low-Resistance Wires
Performance ignition wires maximize spark energy delivered to the plugs:
- Silicone or spiral core wire - Lower resistance than standard carbon core wires.
- Magnecor/MSD wires - High quality materials give tight conductor spacing.
- Shielded wires - Prevent voltage leaks and crossfire.
Upgraded Coil Wiring
Lower resistance coil wiring further minimizes voltage losses:
- Thick gauge wire - Larger diameter wires have less resistance.
- Terminal protectors - Prevent voltage leaks from corroded terminals.
With upgraded ignition components matched to your engine and application, you can optimize ignition energy and maximize engine performance.
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How to Test Your Car's Ignition Components
Testing your ignition components can help you pinpoint issues causing engine performance problems. Here are some common tests you can perform to evaluate your ignition system parts.
Testing the Coil
Use a multimeter to test coil primary and secondary resistance. Compare readings to manufacturer specs. Primary resistance should be around 1 ohm. Secondary resistance will be thousands of ohms. A bad coil will show high or infinite resistance.
You can also use an inductive pickup timing light. Connect the inductive clamp around the coil wire. Crank the engine and check for a steady flashing light. Inconsistent or no flashing indicates a bad coil.
Inspecting Spark Plugs
Remove each spark plug and examine the electrode. Look for excessive wear, carbon/fuel fouling, burning, or oil deposits. This can identify bad plugs. Check the plug gap against manufacturer gap spec (often 0.035”-0.060”). A narrow gap weakens the spark.
You can also ground the plug thread to the engine block and have someone crank the engine to see if each plug sparks properly. No spark means the plug or wire is defective.
Spark Plug Wires
Check for cracked, damaged, or deteriorated wires. Use an ohmmeter to test resistance end-to-end. Compare to factory resistance specs, typically around 8-10 kohms per foot. High resistance means the wire should be replaced.
Use an inductive pickup timing light on each wire to verify solid connections. Excessive arcing or intermittent flashing indicates faulty wiring.
Distributor and Rotor
Examine the distributor cap for cracks, carbon tracks, corrosion, and worn contacts. Spray the cap with water mist and watch for arcing indicating carbon tracks. Check that the rotor isn't excessively worn or damaged.
Use an ohmmeter to check resistance between rotor electrode and each distributor contact. You should see continuity. If not, replace the rotor and cap.
By testing ignition components, you can identify parts needing replacement to restore proper ignition system operation and engine performance.
Saving Money on Ignition Repairs and Replacement Parts
Ignition system repairs and component replacements can get expensive. But there are ways to reduce the costs when your car needs ignition work.
Buy Affordable Parts
You can find quality ignition parts at lower prices from aftermarket manufacturers and suppliers:
- Remanufactured parts - Recoil packs, wiring sets, and switch assemblies cost less than new OEM parts.
- Store brand parts - Retailer brands like AutoZone Duralast offer cheaper components.
- Online parts retailers - Sites like RockAuto.com offer discounted prices on parts.
DIY Installation
Save on labor costs by installing ignition components yourself:
- Spark plugs - Easy to access and replace on most vehicles.
- Wires and caps - Basic hand tools are all you need.
- Coils and control modules - Just disconnect electrical connectors.
But some jobs like starter replacement may require professional service for best results.
Buy Used Parts
Quality used ignition components can offer significant savings:
- Salvage yards - Find great deals on still functional parts.
- eBay/Craigslist - Used parts are commonly sold online.
- Auto recyclers - Specialize in selling recycled parts.
Just inspect carefully to verify condition before purchasing.
Negotiate for Lower Repair Costs
You may be able to reduce your repair bill by negotiating with the mechanic or service center manager. Showing you did your research on fair prices can help.
With some smart parts buying, DIY repairs, and negotiations you can keep ignition system expenses manageable.
Improving Reliability and Extending the Life of Your Ignition System
The ignition system is crucial for delivering the high voltage spark to ignite the fuel in your engine. Proper maintenance and upgrading ignition components can improve reliability and extend the service life of your ignition system.
Replace Worn Parts
Replace ignition components before they fail:
- Spark plugs - Follow manufacturer interval for changing worn plugs.
- Wires - Inspect for cracks/damage and replace as needed.
- Distributor cap & rotor - Swap out at 60,000 mile intervals.
Use Premium Parts
Upgrade to high quality ignition components:
- Double platinum spark plugs - Longer life than copper or iridium.
- Silicone ignition wires - Withstand higher temperatures.
- HEI distributor caps - Built for high performance engines.
Protect from Environmental Damage
Shield components from conditions that accelerate wear:
- Use dielectric grease - Seals out moisture on plug boots and wires.
- Install spark plug boot protectors - Prevent corrosion.
- Use wire looms - Protect wires from abrasion and engine heat.
Ensure Proper Maintenance
Follow prescribed maintenance intervals:
- Tune ups - Replace plugs/wires, inspect other components.
- Oil changes - Keep engine oil from fouling plugs.
- Check engine light - Diagnose potential issues promptly.
With vigilant maintenance and upgrading ignition components, you can keep your ignition system in optimal working order.
Ignition Troubleshooting Guide: Diagnose and Fix Ignition Issues
Ignition problems can cause difficult starting, poor performance, or even stall-outs. But methodically testing components can help identify issues. Here’s a guide to troubleshooting common ignition system issues.
No Spark
If you have fuel but the engine won’t start, the issue may be no spark. Things to check:
- Battery voltage - Use multimeter to check battery and system voltage. Charge or replace battery if weak.
- Spark plugs - Inspect for fouling or damage. Replace plugs if needed.
- Plug wires - Check for cracks/corrosion and replace defective wires.
- Coil wire - Ensure coil wire is properly connected to distributor cap terminal.
- Coil pack - Test coil primary and secondary resistance. Replace if outside specs.
Weak Spark
A weak spark can cause misfires, hesitation, or poor combustion. Potential issues:
- Plug gap - Ensure gap is within specified range, adjust as needed.
- Plug wires - Look for deterioration and high resistance. Replace worn wires.
- Coil - Test coil resistance and use timing light to check for weak/intermittent flashing.
- Distributor cap - Examine cap for worn, corroded or damaged terminals.
Misfires
Random misfires or one consistent misfiring cylinder indicate loss of spark. Things to test:
- Spark plug - Inspect plug in misfiring cylinder for issues.
- Plug wire - Verify wire connectivity and insulation integrity.
- Coil - Swap coil for another cylinder and see if misfire follows.
- Distributor cap - Look for carbon tracking or worn distributor terminals.
Surges/Hesitation
Power fluctuations under acceleration may signal faulty ignition components:
- Coil - Weak coil can intermittently misfire under load.
- Control module - Potential sensor/processor issues can cause surge.
- Crank/Cam sensors - Test sensor resistance and voltage signals.
- Spark plugs - Acceleration can worsen worn or fouled plug issues.
By testing ignition system components, you can isolate the root cause and make the necessary repairs for smooth, reliable engine operation.
What is the Benefit of Amazon Prime for Buying Ignition Parts?
When you need to purchase new ignition coils, spark plugs, distributor caps, or other ignition parts for your vehicle, having an Amazon Prime membership can provide some useful benefits.
Free Two-Day Shipping
One of the biggest perks of Amazon Prime is free two-day shipping on millions of eligible items. This means you can order all the ignition parts and components you need for your car or truck and receive them rapidly with no shipping fees.
Getting parts quickly is important when dealing with ignition issues so you can complete repairs and get your vehicle back on the road. Amazon Prime's fast free delivery helps make that happen.
Free One-Day Delivery
For many zip codes, Amazon now offers free one-day delivery on qualifying orders over $35 for Prime members. This premium service gets ignition parts to your door even faster.
When you've been stranded by an ignition failure, getting parts ASAP is a priority. With one-day shipping you can be back on the road again almost immediately.
Free Returns
Amazon Prime also provides free returns within 30 days on most items. This comes in handy if you order an ignition part that turns out to be the wrong fit or doesn't resolve your vehicle's issues.
You can return the item for a full refund with free pick-up or drop-off at a UPS location. Then simply reorder the correct part with fast free shipping.
Overall, the fast shipping, easy returns, and convenience of ordering ignition parts through Amazon Prime can be a real asset for DIY repairs. The service helps you complete the job quickly when ignition problems pop up.
The Importance Of High-Quality Ignition Parts For Your Vehicle
High-quality ignition parts are essential for the proper functioning of a vehicle's engine. Here are some reasons why:
